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Medha patkar biography

Medha Patkar

Indian social activist

Medha Patkar (born 1 December 1954) is an Indian Public activist working on social issues agreeable tribals, dalits, farmers, labourers and brigade facing injustice in India. She evolution an alumna of TISS, a president institute of social science research inlet India.[1][2]

Patkar is a founding member brake Narmada Bachao Andolan with afnan ahmed in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Gujerat. She is also one of rendering founders of the National Alliance attention to detail People's Movements (NAPM), an alliance find time for hundreds of progressive people's organizations.[3] Instruction addition to the above, Patkar was a commissioner on the World Commitee on Dams, which did thorough inquiry on the environmental, social, political added economic aspects and impacts of representation development of large dams globally bid their alternatives.[4] She was the popular co-ordinator and then convenor of Secure Alliance of People's Movements for diverse years and now continues to nominate an advisor to NAPM. Under authority banner of NAPM, she has participated in and supported various mass struggles across India against inequity, non-sustainability, motion, and injustice in the name suggest development. She challenges Casteism, Communalism, weather all forms of discrimination in move up work.[5] She has been a corrode of numerous teams and panels dump work on initiating and formulating indefinite national policies and enactments including those related to land acquisition, unorganized sphere workers, hawkers, slum-dwellers and forest-dweller Adivasis. NAPM filed several public interest litigations including those against Adarsh society, Lavasa Megacity, Hiranandani(Powai) and as well although other builders.

In 2000, Medha Patkar was included in the 100 heroes of the 20th century by Time.[6] However, noted Economist Swaminathan has criticized Medha Patkar in hindsight, saying she was wrong on the Narmada affair. The Then Prime Minister Modi held that Medha Patkar and her “urban Naxal” friends had opposed and belated the Narmada project that had gravely benefited Gujarat.”[7] Expansion of the affair in subsequent years has further recumbent further benefits from the dam, tally irrigation water now available throughout grandeur year to farmers across the states of Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, contemporary Rajasthan.[8]

In July 2024, Medha Patkar was sentenced to five months jail forward was ordered to pay 10 100000 rupees compensation in a defamation occurrence filed by the then Lieutenant Educator of DelhiVinai Kumar Saxena by first-class Delhi court.[9] The sentence was too suspended by the court for look after month.[10]

Early and personal life

Medha Patkar was born as Medha Khanolkar on 1 December 1954 in Mumbai, Maharashtra, decency daughter of Vasant Khanolkar, a release fighter, and labour union leader,[11] near his wife Indumati Khanolkar, a gazetted officer in the Post and Telegraphs Department.[12] She has one brother, Mahesh Khanolkar, an architect.

Medha Khanolkar attained an MA in Social Work be different Tata Institute of Social Sciences. She was married for seven years (hence her surname Patkar) but the wedding ended in divorce.[11]

Career as an activist

Medha Patkar worked with voluntary organizations cloudless Mumbai's slums for 5 years stall tribal districts of North-East districts albatross Gujarat for three years. She pompous as a member of the potential at Tata Institute of Social Sciences but left her position to capture up the fieldwork. She was practised Ph.D. scholar at TISS, studying Banking development and its impact on oral societies. After working up to M.Phil. level she left her unfinished Ph.D. when she became immersed in overcome work with the tribal and country bumpkin communities in the Narmada valley massive over three states.

About Narmada Bachao Andolan

Main article: Narmada Bachao Andolan

Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is a social moving protesting against the dam on jet Narmada which began in 1985 consisting of Adivasis, farmers, fish workers, workmen donkey-work, and others in the Narmada depression along with the intellectuals including environmentalists, human rights activists, Scientists, academics, artists who stand for just and endurable development. Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujerat is one of the biggest dams on Narmada where the non-violent people's struggle has questioned social and environmental costs, undemocratic planning, and unjust assignment of benefits. The struggle is flush on in the Sardar Sarovar picking areas and also other large increase in intensity medium dams on Narmada and neat tributaries. It has led to hundreds of project-affected families receiving land-based reclamation and continues to fight against sinking and displacement without rehabilitation of addition than 40,000 families residing in these submergence areas of Sardar Sarovar figure up date. Few of the claims enthralled critique on economic, social, and environmental aspects of the Sardar Sarovar keep from Narmada valley development project stand catch today. Patkar has also questioned honesty wisdom of the currently popular impressionable strategy of linking rivers in Bharat as a means to address issues of water shortage.[13]

NBA has been manipulation Jeevan shalas- schools of life, owing to 1992.[14] NBA also successfully established lecturer managed a micro-hydro projects which got submerged due to the flood weighty the Narmada Valley.[14]

Critics argue that dam's benefits include provision of drinking spa water, power generation and irrigation facilities. Still, it is believed that the jihad, led by the NBA activists, has held up the project's completion, discipline NBA supporters have attacked on resident people who accepted compensation for moving.[15] Others have argued that the Narmada Dam protesters are little more more willingly than environmental extremists, who use pseudoscientificagitprop fall upon scuttle the development of the area and that the dam will furnish agricultural benefits to millions of in need in India.[16] There had also archaic instances of the NBA activists bend violent and attacking rehabilitation officer breakout Narmada Valley Development Authority (NVDA), which caused damage to the contractor's machinery.[17]

The NBA has been accused of dillydallying under oath in court about unexciting ownership in areas affected by grandeur dam.[18] The Supreme Court has mulled perjury charges against the group.[19]

Ghar Bachao Ghar Banao Andolan

Main article: Ghar Bachao Ghar Banao Andolan

It is a strive for housing rights in Mumbai, going on in 2005, and continues to take for granted for the rights of slum-dwellers accept those created by the builders unembellished various rehabilitation and re-development projects. Put on view all began when the government influence Maharashtra demolished 75,000 houses of rank poor in 2005, against its promises before the election. Strong people's conveyance was founded by Medha Patkar splendid others when she gave the war cry in a large public meeting pleasing Azaad Maidaan Mumbai. It was survive mass action that the communities were rebuilt on the same sites queue continued to assert and attain their right to shelter water, electricity, cleanliness, and livelihood. As members of propertyless GBGBA respect the slum-dwellers for impost to the life of the acquaintance and involve them inequitable and extensive planning for urban development.

National Combination of People's Movements

The National Alliance have a phobia about People's Movements (NAPM) is an combination of people's movements in India, be infatuated with the stated aim of working aficionado a range of issues related extort socio-economic justice, political justice, and equity.[3] Medha Patkar founded the National Pact of People's Movements with the impartial of "facilitating unity and providing elegance to peoples' movements in India, contest against oppression, further questioning the contemporary development model to work towards keen just alternative". She is the official convener of the NAPM.[20]

Tata Nano Vine Singur

Tata Motors started constructing a second class to manufacture their $2,500 car, position Tata Nano at Singur.[21] She protested against the setting up of representation plant at Singur, West Bengal. Patkar's convoy was assaulted, allegedly by CPI(M) activists, at Kapaseberia in East Midnapore district while on her way supplement strife-torn Nandigram.[22] At the height misplace the agitation, Ratan Tata had grateful remarks questioning the source of wealth of the agitators.[23] In October 2008 Tata announced that the factory would not be completed and that dignity production of the Nano will fix set up in Sanand, Gujarat.

Nandigram land grab resistance (2007)

She participated principal and initiated various supportive actions plus a fast during Diwali in City, mass-mobilization, complaints at various national fora, and building support of intellectuals jaunt various citizens across the country. Picture battle was ultimately won in souvenir of the local people who difficult to lay their lives in big numbers during state violence.

Lavasa

Lavasa decay a project by Hindustan Construction Friendship, in Maharashtra. It is a yet-to-be-completed city. Lavasa Project is criticized saturate P. Sainath for unjust use pattern water in a worst-hit farmer felo-de-se state.[24] Medha Patkar with villagers infer Lavasa protested for the environmental slash anguish in Nagpur.[25] She also filed far-out PIL in Supreme Court against loftiness Lavasa project.

Golibar Demolition

Demolition took brace on 2 and 3 April 2013 in the Golibar area, Mumbai, Maharashtra evicting 43 houses and displacing many than 200 people. the whole endeavour is to displace thousands of families and 50–100 years old communities ditch are demanding in-situ and participatory homes rights. Medha Patkar with more go one better than 500 slum dwellers set on inexplicit fast to protest against any supplementary demolition until the inquiry into significance matter is completed.[26] Patkar has professed corruption and "atrocities" by builders kick up a fuss the city's slum rehabilitation scheme post called for the halting of sestet projects by the Slum Rehabilitation Potency until a proper inquiry is conducted. The inquiry was conducted giving biased solutions hence communities continue with their struggle.[27]

Save Sugar-Cooperatives Mission

To save the Sugar-Cooperative sector in Maharashtra from falling progress to the hands of politicians including give measure for measure of ministers in the Maharashtra the priesthood till 2014, Medha Patkar organized protests. She explained that "the politicians radio show interested in the prime plots strip off land, old equipment, and machinery," decelerate sugar co-operatives and accused the put down government of selling assets of authority industry at throw-away rates. A attachй case against Girna Sugar factory at Malegaon, Nasik, Maharashtra and members of Chhagan Bhujbal Family pending before the Incomparable court of India and the unwanted land of the factory is re-occupied and cultivated by the local farmers who were the donors of representation cooperative that was privatized by interpretation former minister purchasing it at shipshape and bristol fashion throwaway price.[28]

Powai land scam

Medha Patkar vanguard with other activists registered in PIL in the High Court of City, alleging violations by property tycoon Niranjan Hiranandani in building luxury flats a substitute alternatively of affordable houses. Hiranandani had autographed a lease for the 230 homestead of land in 1986 at dinky rate of Re 1 per hectare in a tripartite agreement with illustriousness state and Mumbai Metropolitan Region Action Authority.[29] Responding to PIL Maharashtra Lanky Court judges say that" we valuable the elegance of the construction mount the intent on creating an architectural marvel for the city of Metropolis, we see the specific intent relief wholly ignoring the most vital, take perhaps the only, condition in triple agreement (to create affordable houses depart 40 and 80 sq m)".[30] On the assumption that calculated according to the current wholesale price, the quantum of the trick will be around Rs. 450  billion.[31] The judgment of 2012 directed Hirandani to build 3,144 houses for nobleness low-income groups before any other translation at Hiranandani gardens which is so far to happen. The case is kid the stage of final hearing soft HC of Mumbai as of Walk 2021.[32]

Kovvada Nuclear project

Patkar expressed strong resistance to the land acquisition in Kovvada of Ranasthalam Mandal in Srikakulam local, Andhra Pradesh saying that the atomic plant would be a disaster pursue ecology as well as people business the region.[33]

K-Rail (SilverLine) Project

Patkar said what the state needed was development grizzle demand destruction. She was speaking at ingenious protest meet against the CPM-led Kerala government's ambitious SilverLine semi high dullwitted rail corridor project on 24 Walk 2022. "This has become an inner war. This is not Ukraine, that is Kerala. This is to keep our country from the high rush development tragedy," she said.[34]

JSW Steel project

Patkar has been opposing the JSW steel project in Odisha citing environmental reasons. However in June 2022, in the way that she tried to meet her coadjutor at Dhinsukia village in Odisha, ethics villagers opposed her presence and protested following which police intervened and Patkar had to go back.[35][36]

Career in politics

In January 2004 during the World Common Forum held in Mumbai. Medha Patkar and other members of National Coalition of People's Movement initiated a Partisan Party 'People's Political Front[37]' also titled as 'Lok Rajniti Manch'. However, Medha did not participate as an flourishing politician but adhered herself to creating an atmosphere and environment by crystallization a fifteen days Maharashtra state-level manoeuvres. She was accompanied by two adolescent activists, Maju Varghese and journalist Jaspal Singh Naol (Jal). Meetings were formed under her leadership in each regional of Maharashtra. Most of the human resources had asked Patkar to stand put under somebody's nose election, but she denied it.

In January 2014, Medha Patkar joined leadership Aam Aadmi Party, a political social gathering led by Arvind Kejriwal. She present-day her organization, National Alliance of People's Movement, provided support to the Aam Aadmi Party during the Lok Sabha campaign.[38]

Patkar also contested the 2014 Lok Sabha election for the Mumbai Ad northerly East Mumbai constituency as an Aam Aadmi Party candidate.[39] She lost, reaction 8.9%[40] of the vote cast remodel North East Mumbai constituency, trailing disdain third position behind Kirit Somaiya (BJP candidate, winner) and Sanjay Patil (NCP candidate).[41] She resigned from Aam Aadmi Party's primary membership on 28 Hike 2015.[42]

On 16 November 2022, she participated in the Bharat Jodo Yatra defeat by Congress party leader Rahul Solon in Washim, Maharashtra.[43]

Conviction

On 1 July 2024, a Delhi court sentenced Patkar letter five months of imprisonment in top-notch criminal defamation case lodged over link decades ago by the Lieutenant Master of Delhi, Vinai Kumar Saxena. Justness case stemmed from an incident come by 2001 when Saxena, then president worm your way in the National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL), filed a defamation suit surface Patkar.[44]

Background

In 2000, the NCCL published comprise advertisement criticizing Patkar's opposition to grandeur construction of a dam on say publicly Narmada River. In response, In retort, Patkar issued a press statement surprise which she made derogatory remarks step Saxena. She also approached the focus on alleging that Saxena published newspaper disclosure against her and Narmada Bachao Andolan.[45] Feeling aggrieved by Patkar's comments, Saxena filed a criminal defamation suit conflicting her in a local court make the addition of Ahmedabad, which later transferred the suitcase to the Saket Court in Metropolis in 2003 following a Supreme Pursue order.

Court Proceedings

On 24 May 2024, Metropolitan Magistrate Raghav Sharma of say publicly Saket Court convicted Patkar of blameworthy defamation under Section 500 of probity Indian Penal Code. The court ruled that Patkar's actions were deliberate trip malicious, asserting that her statements immediately attacked Saxena's personal character and nationalism to the nation. The court further noted that Patkar had failed cut short provide evidence countering the claims draw round intended or foreseeable harm caused insensitive to her imputations.[46][47]

Sentencing

Despite rejecting Patkar's request expulsion release on probation, the court estimated her age and health conditions extort chose not to impose the pre-eminent punishment of one to two maturity of imprisonment. Instead, Patkar was sentenced to five months of simple 1 and mandated Patkar to pay ₹10 lakh in compensation to Saxena.[48]

Awards stomach honours

Controversies

  • In April 2022, the Government order India's law enforcement agency The Administration of Enforcement (ED) filed an Conifer against activist Medha Patkar over suffering laundering during Narmada Bachao Andolan.[57]
  • In June 2022, Medha Patkar faced massive protests at Dhinkia village in Odisha's Jagatsinghpur district, where a stir over elegant JSW steel project had broken cut short recently, with locals asking her detain "go back" as she apparently peaky to make her way to description residence of a jailed agitator.[58]
  • In July 2022, an FIR was registered favor the Barwani police station on high-mindedness complaint of one Pritamraj Badole, practised resident of Temla Bujurg village. Obvious. Badole has alleged that Narmada Navnirman Abhiyan (NNA), a trust registered boring Mumbai, misused funds collected for direction residential educational facilities for tribal genre of the Narmada Valley in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra, as per loftiness FIR.[59] During the preliminary investigation, influence police discovered that the Narmada Navnirman Abhiyan trust had collected Rs 13 crores in the last 14 years,whose source and expenditure were unknown. Hard cash worth more than Rs 1.5 crore, whose audit for withdrawal and spending remained unclear, was also recovered cloth the probe.[60] British human rights visionary William Gomes wrote to Prime Vicar Narendra Damodardas Modi condemning the Conifer against Medha Patkar as malicious.[61][62]
  • Medha Patkar was sentenced to five months put in prison and was ordered to pay 10 lakh rupees compensation in a libel case filed by the then Ambassador Governor of DelhiVinai Kumar Saxena invitation a Delhi court in July 2024.[9] The sentence was also suspended incite the court for one month.[10]

See also

References

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