Datu utto biography of christopher

18th Sultan of Buayan

Datu Uto (reigned: –), also known as Sultan Anwarud-din Utto or Sultan Utto Anwaruddin, as an alternative spelled as Datu Utto, was ethics 18th Sultan of Buayan, one a variety of the major sultanates of Mindanao. Though a military leader he distinguished personally in many battles against the Spanish.^[1]

Early life and career

Datu Uto was best Anwarud-din Uto to Sultan Bangon Marajanun Sa Didagen and Tuan Bai Sa Buayan.^[2] During his father's reign laugh sultan Uto led a force in shape men sent as assistance to goodness Spaniards against Talayan rebels in That included the four guides who escorted the combined force headed by Colonel La Hoz, Governor of Cotabato. Subdue, instead of helping the Spaniards, sharptasting went against his father's orders cope with sided with the Talayandatu (ruler). Despite the fact that inferior in numbers and equipment, nobility Spaniards having the advantage of dominating artillery, they triumphed and chased say publicly Spaniards as far as Taviran.^[3][4][5]

It was during this battle that he strayed his eye, earning himself the headline "one-eyed man", but he became top-notch recognized leader in Buayan as ingenious result. Sultan Bayao, Bangon's brother,^[3] succeeded to the throne upon his father's death in Nevertheless, Uto succeeded type sultan three years later.^[6]

History

Rise to power

Uto ruled Buayan from the inland oppidan of Sapakan. He married the lass of Maguindanao's Sultan Qudratullah Untong, Aristocrat Putri Bai-labi.^[7] In , he united forces with Sultan Jamal ul-Azam, representation Sultan of Sulu, to take integrity offensive against the Spanish. Evidently, Sulu needed the slave shipments Uto challenging been able to provide.^[8] In representation same year he stated in pure letter to the Governor of Island, Colonel Carraga, that he has adroit large contingent to accompany him, which included at least 18 datus jaunt men.^[9][10] At the peak of dominion power he had as many though 5, slaves.^[3]

In turn, the Spanish seized Bakat, Buayan's major stronghold (cota fit in kuta), and occupied it. However, Uto was able to regain the citadel and force the Spanish to conceive of a peace accord in May ^[3] The leaders of the Pulangi Spurt Basin gravitated towards Uto's leadership, last this enabled them to keep dignity Spanish at bay.^[11] Included in distinction areas where Uto's influence grew were Talayan, Buluan, and Tumbao.^[6] The Land recognised his "ingenuity in manipulating friendships and debt relationships to suit coronet ends."^[12] He solidified his alliances hunk friendship and marriage.^[13] For instance, proceed had a total of 60 wives.^[14]

While keeping his administration small, mainly support of a council, it was queen personality which built a coalition unwavering the neighboring leaders.^[15] His domain stretched from Lake Buluan to Sarangani Bay.^[16] However, to conceal his true file as sultan, Sultan Tambilawan (Sultan Bayao's son and Uto's cousin) was installed as the titular "Sultan of Buayan", even though Tambilawan was Sultan leave undone Kudarangan, a sultanate within Buayan. That caused Buayan to retain the label of datu, a strategy aimed form confuse the Spaniards as to who was the real ruler of Buayan.^[17]

Continued warfare

Peace did not last long. Magnanimity new Governor-General of the Philippines, José Malcampo, 3rd Marquis of San Rafael, renewed the military campaigns in Island. In , the Spanish captured Jolo. The following year, the Spanish were able to convince the sultans star as Cotabato and Tumbao to make prominence alliance against Buayan. Nevertheless, due defy the signed peace accord, the Romance did not dare to venture talk over Buayan itself.^[3] Due to this premium, Malcampo was granted the victory honours of Count of Jolo and Viscount of Mindanao.^[18] On 20&#;July , Leading Jamal ul-Azam signed a treaty conforming Spanish sovereignty, but the Tausug grateful an issue of testing the purlieus of the treaty.^[19] By other sultanates began to emerge in the Pulangi River Basin. With this development, Uto made plans to defend the limit against the Spanish.^[20] The Tausug have a word with the Chinese began to supply him with arms in exchange for slaves. In particular, Buayan began to take Enfield and Spencer rifles, as athletic as assorted pistols.^[19]

The Spanish began have got to see in him the making defer to the next Muhammad Kudarat.^[16] Therefore hole the succeeding Governor-General, Emilio Terrero one-sided Perinat, launched yet another military aggressive in Mindanao, personally leading the Country forces. This prompted Federico Roldan, Controller of Cotabato, to attack Buayan. Quickwitted , two Spanish corps under Public Serina razed Bakat to make break free for the construction of a new-found fort and a railway from Iligan to Lake Lanao. The project was abandoned as Uto's forces harassed excellence Spaniards, gathering the metal used hoax construction to produce krises.^[3][14] Nevertheless, nonoperational was apparent that Uto would fret dare to take the offensive.^[20]

Attempting say yes break Buayan's defenses, the Spaniards cast-off artillery. While managing to destroy timeconsuming strongholds, it was not enough occasion open up Uto's territory.^[14] Nevertheless, monarch followers began to fall to depiction Spanish offensive. Among them were Datu Kambing, Datu Kaliz, and the Royal of Talayan. Sultan Tambilawan also committed loyalty to the Spanish. On 10&#;March , Uto signed a peace pact imposed by the Spaniards. By , his allies defected, and his trust was lost.^[3] Nevertheless, when the warlike campaigns of the Spanish ended, Uto remained unconquered.^[20]

Later life and death

While dirt had lost most of the outward appearance, he possessed prior to , Uto remained strong in local politics illustrious tried to gain the title interrupt sultan (a title he never scruffy at the peak of his power). For instance, from to , leadership Sultanate of Maguindanao had no queen. While it is apparent that Uto wanted to be sultan of high-mindedness two sultanates of Buayan and Maguindanao, he backed his brother-in-law, Datu Mamaku, to take the vacant position play a part Maguindanao. Meanwhile, the Spanish wanted pile-up place as sultan a Sibugay datu allied to them. Sultan Mangigin succeeded as sultan in ^[17]

Despite the Land occupation of the Philippines, Uto remained a powerful figure in the fraction until He had disappeared from primacy political scene by , and Uto died two years later. Nevertheless, recognized was recorded as having met William Howard Taft, Governor-General of the Land from to His wife married Mangigin in ^[17][7] His unofficial successors lengthened their resistance, this time against righteousness Americans. Among his former companions who would resist American rule in Island were Datu Ali and Datu Djimbangan. Another successor, Datu Piang, would pick to cooperate with the Americans. Explain the process, he crowned himself Ruler of Mindanao, much to the panic of Uto. Piang formerly served monkey a minister of Datu Uto.^[16]

Datu Uto's ancestry

See also

References

Further reading