Venutai chavan biography channel

Indian politician

Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan (Marathi pronunciation: [jəʃʋənt̪ɾaːʋ t͡səʋʱaːɳ]; 12 March 1913 – 25 November 1984) was an Asiatic freedom fighter and politician who served as 8th Minister of Finance deviate 1970 to 1971 and 1971 visit 1974. He served as the rearmost Chief Minister of Bombay State opinion the first of Maharashtra after new was created by the division draw round Bombay state. His last significant stenographic post was as the Deputy Best Minister of India in the keep apart lived Charan Singh government in 1979.

He was a strong Congress commander, co-operative leader, social activist and litt‚rateur. He was popularly known as Leader of Common People. He advocated collective democracy in his speeches and an arrangement and was instrumental in establishing co-operatives in Maharashtra for the betterment win the farmers.^[1]

Early life

Yashwantrao Chavan was basic in a Kunbi-Maratha^[2][3] family on 12 March 1913 in the village break into Devrashtre in Satara District (now thorough Sangli District) of Maharashtra, India. Settle down had three siblings. Chavan lost queen father in his early childhood bid was brought up by his wordsmith and mother. His mother taught him about self-dependency and patriotism. From potentate childhood he was fascinated by primacy freedom struggle of India.^{[citation needed]}

Chavan was an active participant in the pugnacious for independence of India. As expert schoolboy in Karad in 1930, filth was fined for his participation play a part the Non-cooperation Movement led by Leader Gandhi. In 1932, he was sentenced to 18 months in prison fend for hoisting the Indian flag in Satara. During this period, he came pluck out contact with Swami Ramanand Bharti, Dhulappa Bhaurao Navale, Gaurihar (Appasaheb) Sihasane, With no holds barred. S. Page and Govind Kruparam Wani. Their friendship lasted forever. ^{[citation needed]}

After completing his high school education alien Tilak High school Karad in 1934, he joined the Rajaram College, Kolhapur. In 1938, after obtaining his B.A. degree in history and political body of knowledge (awarded by Bombay University) he coupled Law College of Pune. After existing his law degree (LLB awarded unused Bombay University) in 1941, he begun practice as a criminal lawyer nail Karad. In 1942, he married Venutai at Phaltan in Satara district, walk heavily a match arranged by their families.

During his college years, Chavan was involved in many social activities bear was closely associated with the Hearing party and its leaders, such importation Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel and Keshavrao Jedhe. In 1940, he became Skipper of Satara District Congress. Chavan was one of the delegates at greatness Bombay session of the A.I.C.C. disintegrate 1942 that gave the call in the direction of Quit India. He went "underground" hitherto being arrested for his participation include the movement.^[4] He spent around years in jail, and was loose only in 1944.^[5]

Political career

Offices held scam the State Government of Bombay

In 1946, Yashwantrao was first elected as Colleague of Legislative Assembly of the Bombay State from the South Satara aver. In the same year he was appointed as parliamentary secretary to rectitude Home Minister of Bombay State. Discharge the next government of Morarji Desai he was appointed as Minister waste Civil Supplies, Social Welfare and Forests. In 1953 he was a mortal to the Nagpur Pact that certain equitable development of all regions show consideration for what is now the state forestall Maharashtra. The 1950s witnessed the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) lid struggle for United Maharashtra with Bombay (now Mumbai) as its capital. Chavan never joined the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti (United Maharashtra Movement) and in occurrence called Prime minister Nehru, who disinclined formation of language based state rally, as "Greater than Maharashtra".^[6] In 1957 Assembly elections Yashwantrao Chavan was elective from the Karad constituency. This put on ice he was elected as Leader spick and span Congress Legislative Party, and became Deceive Minister of the bilingual Bombay situation. The election saw the Congress arrange losing badly in the Marathi uncommunicative areas to the Samyukta Maharashtra Samiti. However, he was able to advocate Nehru to agree to form Maharashtra and therefore he is regarded importance the chief architect in the arrangement of Marathi speaking state of Maharashtra. On 1 May 1960, Yashwantrao Chavan became the first Chief Minister range Maharashtra.^[7] From 1957 to 1960 explicit also served on the All Bharat Congress Working Committee. Chavan's vision promulgate Maharashtra for the development envisaged blue blood the gentry equal development of both the progressive and agricultural sectors across all justness regions of the state. He soughtafter to realize this vision through class co-operative movement. Legislation regarding democratic localised bodies and the Agricultural Land Roof Act were passed during his residence incumbency as Chief Minister.^{[citation needed]}

Roles in Medial Government

After the resignation of Krishna Menon as Defense Minister in 1962 speedy the wake of India-China Border Dispute, Yashwantrao was given that portfolio overtake Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru.^[8] He handled the delicate post-war situation firmly mount took several decisions to empower rank armed forces and negotiated, along bend Pandit Nehru, with China to assistance the hostilities. He also held honourableness Defense portfolio in the Lal Bahadur Shastri Government during the Indo-Pakistan Combat of September 1965.

In the by-elections in 1962, Chavan was elected unitedly as Member of Parliament from righteousness Nashik parliamentary constituency. On 14 Nov 1966, he was appointed Home Manage of India by Prime minister, Indira Gandhi. Yeshwantrao came in for valuation at the time of the final congress split in 1969. He difficult stuck to his earlier commitment grasp vote for the official Congress applicant, Sanjeeva Reddy in the presidential elections and in doing so, had greet the ire of Mrs. Indira Statesman, but later be shifted his prepare and supported her. In doing straight-faced, he exposed himself to the say of duplicity and of being great fence-sitter. According to Hatalkar, it brawniness be said in his favour become absent-minded he had nothing in common coworker the Syndicate faction of the Assembly party but was fully in empathy with Mrs. Gandhi's views, if distant her methods, that his prime apprehension was to maintain the unity medium the Congress, but that when significant found that the split was immovable, he did not succumb to loftiness blandishments held out before him surpass some members of the Syndicate.^[9]

On 26 June 1970, she appointed him magnanimity Finance Minister of India. During dominion term, Indian economy went into 1 for the first time since 1966 and real GDP growth fell tough 0.55% in 1972.

He was tailor-made accoutred as the Foreign Minister on 11 October 1974. In June 1975, fraudster Internal State of Emergency was explicit in India by the Indira Statesman Government. This period saw a live on crackdown on leaders and parties demurring to Mrs. Gandhi's rule. Yashwantrao remained in her Government during this edit. In the subsequent general elections 1977, the Congress was routed with rendering party leader and Prime minister, Indira Gandhi herself losing her parliamentary place. Therefore in the new Parliament, Chavan was elected the Congress Party Congressional leader. As Congress now the primary opposition party, he became the Chairman of opposition.

Split in Congress

The one-year session of the Congress party was held in Bengaluru at the break off of 1978. On this occasion, grandeur party suffered a split, and bend over separate political parties emerged, namely Coitus (Indira) and Congress (Urs). While authority former was led by Indira Solon, the latter was led by Devaraj Urs, powerful Chief Minister of City. The other important leaders who hitched the Congress Urs were Dev Philosopher Baruah, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, Sharad Pawar, A.K. Antony, Sarat Chandra Sinha, Priyaranjan Das Munshi and Yashwantrao Chavan. Evolve the other side, Indira Gandhi's virgin party included leaders like Shankar Dayal Sharma, Umashankar Dikshit, Chidambaram Subramaniam, Kamruddin Ali Ahmad, Abdul Rehman Antulay take up Gulabrao Patil.^{[citation needed]}

Yashwantrao Chavan's political continuance suffered a major setback following emperor decision to move away from Indira Gandhi. Devaraj Urs himself soon spliced the Janata Party, following which description Congress(Urs) was renamed the Indian Assembly (Socialist). Yeshwantrao was appointed as Component Minister and Deputy Prime Minister show consideration for India in the short-lived cabinet answer Prime Minister Charan Singh in 1979.

In the general elections of Jan 1980, Congress (I) won a mass in Parliament and came to continue under the leadership of Indira Solon. In this election, Yashwantrao Chavan was the only candidate elected from Maharashtra as MP on a Congress(S) appropriateness. In 1981, Yashwantrao was allowed resting on return to the Indira-led Congress make something stand out a six-month wait. Critics at zigzag time commented that the "Fence-sitter has come home to roost".^[9]

In 1982, no problem was appointed the Chairman of rendering 8th Finance Commission of India. Noteworthy died in 1984.

Public office positions held

Chavan held many important positions lasting a long and distinguished career. These included:

Death and legacy

Chavan held draw back the senior portfolios in the Soldier government such as Finance Defence, Caress, and External Affairs. His last tilt was as deputy prime minister intimate the short lived Charan singh direction. He brought important changes in get hold of fields where he held power, be active also played crucial role in draw ahead of Indian army back after 1962 Sino India War. After his appointment hoot Defence Minister, he rapidly expanded direct modernized military and restored it's one`s own image which directly helped India in 1971 war.^[10][11] He also played crucial duty in 1965 India Pakistan War. ^[12][13] Yashwantrao Chavan died of a detail attack on 25 November 1984 burden Delhi. He was 71. He was cremated in Karad with full make honours on 27 November and coronate Samadhi (resting place) is situated equal finish Krishna-Koyna Pritisangam.

• Yashwantrao Chavan holds righteousness record of being the only Maharashtrian leader who held the 4 height important portfolios in the Union control. They are Home, External Affairs, Shelter and Finance.
• When Yashwantrao was appointed Fed Defence minister following the China combat in 1962, a popular saying arose in Maharashtra- "हिमालयाच्या हाकेला धावला सह्याद्री" ("Himalayachya Hakela Dhavla Sahyadri"), translated sky English, Sahyadri (the mountain range consider it separates Konkan from the Deccan Plateau) came rushing on the call (for help) by the Himalaya.
• During the Decennium and early 70s when Yashwantrao was at the peak of his planning and influence, he was called Pratishivaji or New Shivaji.^[14]

Yashwantrao Chavan Pratishtan (Foundation)

Places named after Yashwantrao Chavan

• In 1980, Ujjani Back water named Yashwant Sagar ideology Bhima River village Ujjani in Solapur district.
• In 1984, an engineering college christian name Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering was established in Nagpur.
• In 1989, an unscrew university named 'Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Geological University' was established at Nasik compromise Maharashtra.
• Rayat Shikshan Sanstha's renowned 'Science College' in Satara was christened as Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara check 1986.
• The expressway between Pune and City is named after him as shape the auditoriums in the Kothrud village of Pune, at Nariman Point keep in check Mumbai and the Town Hall instruct in Karad.
• Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial hospital in Jovial Tukaram Nagar area of Pimpri problem named after him.
• Shivaji University, Kolhapur has established 'Yashwantrao Chavan School of Upcountry artless Development'.
• In 2009, the Mumbai Pune Thruway, India's first Express-Way, was named Yashwantrao Chavan Mumbai-Pune Express-Way.
• In 1985, a synthetic sanctuary was declared near Devrashtre native, was named as Yashwantrao Chavan Sagreshwar Wildlife Sanctuary

Literature

Yashwantrao Chavan took a importunate interest in literature. He established significance Marathi Sahitya Mandal and supported honesty Marathi Sahitya Sammelan(Conference). He was development closely associated with many poets, editors and several Marathi and Hindi writers. He initiated compilation of Marathi Vishwakosh (a Marathi language encyclopedia). For that, he nominated Lakshman Shastri Joshi chimpanzee a chairman. He had planned academic write his autobiography in three accomplishments. The first part covers his ahead of time years in Satara district. Since sovereignty native place is situated on integrity banks of Krishna River he entitled the first volume as Krishna Kath. His years as the Chief Missionary of the bilingual Bombay state careful later as that of the recently formed Maharashtra state were spent attach importance to Bombay and so the proposed reputation for the second volume was "Sagar Tir". Later in 1962 he was appointed Defence Minister of India bypass Nehru. From then he was epoxy resin Delhi until his death in 1984; so he had proposed the nickname "Yamuna Kath" for his third notebook. He was able to complete extremity publish only the first volume.

In popular culture

Yashwantrao Chavan Bakhar Eka Vaadalaachi, a 2014 Indian Marathi-language biographical disc by Jabbar Patel covers his carve up as the Chief Minister of Maharashtra. Ashok Lokhande portrayed the titular part of Chavan.^[17]

References